Daphne Gail Fautin

Daphne Gail Fautin (May 25, 1946 – March 12, 2021) was an American professor of invertebrate zoology, known as a leading expert on sea anemones and symbiosis involving them. J. Frederick Grassle called her "the world authority on sea anemones". She was elected in 1997 a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). (Her husband, Robert W. Buddemeier, was elected in 2011 a Fellow of the AAAS.)

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Quotes

The 25 species of Amphiprion and one of Premnas (family Pomacentridae) are obligate symbionts of 10 species of facultatively symbiotic sea anemones. Throughout the tropical Indo-West Pacific range of the relationship, a fish species inhabits only certain of the hosts potentially available to it. This specificity is due to the fishes. Five fishes occupy six sea anemone species at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Entacmaea quadricolor harbors P. biaculeatus, A. melanopus and A. akindynos. ... Actinians cleared of symbionts disappeared within 24 h, probably having been eaten by reef fishes. Entacmaea, the most abundant and widespread host actinian at Lizard Island and throughout the range of the association, is also arguably the most attractive to anemonefishes. I believe its vulnerability to predation was a factor in its evolving whatever makes it desirable to fishes. Experimental transfers pitted fish of one species against those of another, controlling for ecophenotype of host, and sex, size and number of fish. Competitive superiority was in the same order as abundance and over-all host specificity: P. biaculeatus, A. melanopus, A. akindynos. At least three factors are necessary to explain patterns of species specificity — innate or learned host preference, competition, and stochastic processes.
- (1 March 1986) "Why do anemonefishes inhabit only some host actinians?". Environmental Biology of Fishes 15: 171–180. DOI:10.1007/BF00002992.

Cnidae are secreted by the Golgi apparatus of all cnidarians and only cnidarians. Of the three categories of cnidae (also called cnidocysts), nematocysts occur in all cnidarians, and are the means by which cnidarians defend themselves and obtain prey; spirocysts and ptychocysts are restricted to a minority of major taxa. A cnida discharges by eversion of its tubule; venom may be associated with the tubule of a nematocyst. About 30 major morphological types of nematocysts are recognized, but no single nomenclature for them is accepted.
- (15 December 2009) "Structural diversity, systematics, and evolution of cnidae". Toxicon 54: 1054–1064. DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.02.024.