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Nellie A. Brown

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Nellie Adalesa Brown (1876–1956) was an American botanist and plant pathologist employed as a researcher by the United States Department of Agriculture. In 1916 she was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Quotes

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  • The South Carolina outbreak of lettuce-rot occurred in Beaufort County, the second largest lettuce-growing district on the eastern coast of the United States, with a reputation of growing the finest quality of Big Boston head lettuce on the entire eastern coast. The South Carolina disease may be either a stem or a leaf infection ... In an early stage the plants are a lighter green color than the healthy ones; later the head may show rot through the center or only on the top. A general wilting of the head may occur with or without visible spots or rot. In some cases rotting is rapid; in others the heart remains sound, while the outer encircling leaves are in a bad state of decay. The diseased plants are not firm in the soil, the stem is brittle, and can be easily broken off at the surface or a little below the surface of the soil. In an early stage of disease the stem when cut across shows a blue-green color; in a later stage it is brown.
  • A bacterial leafspot disease of the cultivated geranium occurs widespread in the Eastern States. It is mostly a greenhouse disease but occurs occasionally on plants grown out of doors.
    The organism was isolated from diseased plants received from different sources and the disease reproduced on the leaves of healthy plants.
    Warm, moist conditions with poor ventilation are necessary for the organism to infect the leaves extensively.
    Care in regulating the temperature, air, and moisture conditions of the greenhouse and in giving plenty of space to plants grown out of doors will go far toward preventing the appearance of the disease and toward curing it when it is present. All spotted leaves should be removed and destroyed. Very sensitive varieties should be discarded.
    The name Bacterium pelargoni is suggested for the organism causing the disease.
  • A disease of tomatoes which caused big losses to the growers occurred last June in Texas, and in August and September in Nebraska. The disease is first noticed in green full-grown tomatoes, but it is hard to detect at this stage unless close attention is given to the stems. When the fruits are green they show a little brown spot or a dark ring around and under the stem. As the fruit is shipped green, the packers may overlook this condition very easily. When the tomatoes reach their destination they have become a pink color, the disease has advanced and shows more plainly, for the stem end has then become a dark brown. The inspector notices this and, although there is not much external evidence of disease, he breaks the fruit open and finds a hard brown center. The rot is usually down the center and may extend from stem end to blossom end but sometimes it takes an oblique course and includes a portion of the seeds, darkening them also. There is no slime or ooze.
    Bacteria occur in great numbers in the tissues. The same organism was isolated from both the Texas and Nebraska material and the disease was reproduced in green and ripening fruits in the greenhouse, using pure cultures.
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